Tree Spacing Calculator

No. Offsetting alternate rows without changing their perpendicular separation leaves area per tree unchanged. Equilateral triangles use a row gap equal to √3/2 of the nearest-neighbor spacing, so they give about 15.47% more theoretical density than square planting at that same spacing.

Spacing depends on species, cultivar, rootstock, training system, site conditions and machinery. The named orchard buttons are editable examples, not recommendations for every tree or variety. Check local Extension or forestry guidance.

Reserved percentage is removed from gross field area before dividing by area per tree. For example, reserving 10% of one acre leaves 0.9 acre. This is a planning allowance, not a map of individual lanes.

An area-based estimated tree or sapling count, area per tree, theoretical trees per acre and hectare, and an illustrative pattern layout. It does not determine an exact surveyed boundary layout.

Enter in-row spacing and perpendicular between-row spacing, and field area or rectangular field dimensions. For equilateral planting, enter the nearest-neighbor tree spacing and the row gap is derived automatically. Optional reserved land reduces plantable area.

Rectangular and custom staggered: A_tree = s × r. Equilateral: r = s × √3/2. Plantable area = gross area × (1 − reserve/100). Count = floor(plantable area/A_tree). Trees per unit area = reference area/A_tree; this density excludes the reserve allowance.

Boundary setbacks, partial rows, headlands, planting alignment, slope, land excluded from planting and rounding can all change a real plan. Some sources round density to a whole number; this tool displays one decimal while the final count rounds down.

Yes. Spacing, pattern, field size and reserved percentage update the numbers and schematic. Unit changes convert existing physical values. The Calculate button confirms the same live estimate; Reset restores the one-acre, ten-foot rectangular example.

No. It shows a small sample with annotations, not every tree. Spacing proportions and staggered row alignment update, with display limits to keep extreme aspect ratios legible. Actual plot boundaries, row direction and setbacks need a separate field plan.

An equilateral pattern constrains the row gap to 0.8660254 × nearest-neighbor spacing. Use Custom Staggered for an independently chosen row gap; that model has no automatic 15.47% bonus.

Lengths convert between feet and metres. Area can independently use acres, hectares, square feet or square metres. All formulas use canonical metric values rather than repeatedly rounding displayed inputs.

No. The result is a density planning estimate, not an order quantity with replacement stock. Add any nursery costs, extra stock or survival allowance separately.